Acharya Kanad- 600 BCE - atomic theory
Born in Prabhas Kshetra near Dwarika in Gujarat, India, he proposed the existence of atoms/molecules - he also stated that Anu can have 2 states - absolute rest and state of motion. It is believed that John Dalton in 1803 proposed the atomic theory,but Kanad revelaed this 2600 yrs ago.
Bhaskaracharya - 1114-1183 BCE - law of gravity
Born in jalgaon, maharashtra, he was the first to propose law of gravity 500 yrs before Newton. In Surya Siddhanta - he stated the law of gravity, also calculated time taken by earth to orbit the sun - 365.258756484 days. He was also a genius in maths and he recorded his mathematical works in book called Lilavati, bijaganita. In his book siddhanta shiromani - he wrote about position of planets, eclipse, cosmography, mathematical technique and astronomical equipments.
Acharya Charak - 600 BCE - Father of medicine
In book Charak Samhita -mentions about human anatomy, embryology, pharmacology, blood circulation, diseases like diabetes, TB, heart diseases, etc. Has mentioned functions of 1,00,000 herbal plants, corelation between spirituality and physical health, ethical character for medical practioners what we call oath today.
Sage Bharadwaj - 800 BCE - Aviation
In book Vymaanika Shaastra (4th century BC text) mentioned operation of ancient vimaanas, information on steering, precautions for long flights, protection of airships from storms and lightning, how to switch the drive to solar energy. Vimaanas were said to take off vertically.
He has described three categories of flying machines: 1.) One that flies on earth from one place to another. 2.) One that travels from one planet to another. 3.) And One that travels from one universe to another
Sage Kanva -Treta Yuga - Science of wind
In Rigveda, in Jagati meter of God Wind, in Pavamana Soma in meter Gayatri, he has explained the science of wind. He looked after Shakuntala when she was abandoned by her parents(Vishwamitra), and also he took care of her son Bharat.
Kapil Muni - 3000 BCE - cosmology
In book Sankhya Darshan - defined dhyaan or state of mind or meditation. He stated principles of the ultimate Soul (Purusha), primal matter (Prakruti) and creation. His concept of transformation of energy and profound commentaries on atma, non-atma and the subtle elements of the cosmos, makes him father of cosmology.
Acharya Patanjali -200 BCE - father of yoga
Born in district Gonda in UP, taught how to control breath to control body,mind and soul. Acharya Patanjali's 84 yogic postures effectively enhance the efficiency of the respiratory, circulatory, nervous, digestive and endocrine systems and many other organs of the body. Yoga has eight limbs where Acharya Patanjali shows the attainment of the ultimate bliss of God in samadhi through the disciplines of: yam, niyam, asan, pranayam, pratyahar, dhyan and dharna. The Science of Yoga has gained popularity because of its scientific approach and benefits. Yoga also holds the honored place as one of six philosophies in the Indian philosophical system. Acharya Patanjali will forever be remembered and revered as a pioneer in the science of self-discipline, happiness and self-realization.
Aryabhatt - 476 CE - master astronomer and mathematician
Born in Kusumpur,Bihar, in Aryabhatiyam he has stated motion of planets, time of eclipse, stated earth is round, rotates on its axis, revolves the sun ans id suspended in space 1000 years before Copernicus published his heliocentric theory. He is also acknowledged for calculating p (Pi) to four decimal places: 3.1416 and the sine table in trigonometry. Centuries later, in 825 CE, the Arab mathematician, Mohammed Ibna Musa credited the value of Pi to the Indians, "This value has been given by the Hindus." And above all, his most spectacular contribution was the concept of zero without which modern computer technology would have been non-existent.
Acharya Sushruta - 600 BCE - father of surgery
Son of Sage Vishwamitra, he has described cesaerean, cataract, artificial limbs, rhinoplasty(nose), fractures, urinary stone, cosmetic surgery, dislocations, etc. in his book Sushruta Samhita - 300 surgical procedures and 125 instruments.
Varahamihira - 499-587 CE- astrology
Renowned astrologer and astronomer who was honored with a special decoration and status as one of the nine gems in the court of King Vikramaditya in Avanti (Ujjain). In his book pancha siddhant - he described moon and planets are not lustrous because of their own light, but due to sunlight. In bruhad samhita , bruhad Jatak, revealed discovery in domain of geography, botany and animal science. Presented cures for diseases afflicting many plants and trees.
Nagarjuna - 100 CE - chemistry
He was an extraordinary wizard of science born in the nondescript village of Baluka in Madhya Pradesh. His dedicated research for twelve years produced maiden discoveries and inventions in the faculties of chemistry and metallurgy. Textual masterpieces like "Ras Ratnakar," "Rashrudaya" and "Rasendramangal" are his renowned contributions to the science of chemistry. Where the medieval alchemists of England failed, Nagarjuna had discovered the alchemy of transmuting base metals into gold. As the author of medical books like "Arogyamanjari" and "Yogasar," he also made significant contributions to the field of curative medicine. Because of his profound scholarliness and versatile knowledge, he was appointed as Chancellor of the famous University of Nalanda.
